Gambling involves wagering something of value on a random event, in the hope of winning something else of value. Gambling is a risky behavior that can lead to psychological problems, including addiction. Understanding the risk of gambling can help you identify a problem.
The risk of addiction is different for each person, and can occur with any type of gambling – lottery, bingo, casino games or sports betting. It may be a result of recreational interest, diminished mathematical skills, poor judgment, cognitive distortions, moral turpitude or other factors.
Research shows that humans experience a similar dopamine release when they gamble as when they take drugs, and it can have devastating consequences for their lives. People who have a gambling addiction often hide their problem from family and friends, lie about their gambling or even steal money to fund it. This is because the brain is wired to reward impulsive behaviors and avoid punishing them, which can lead to a vicious cycle of self-denial.
People can become addicted to gambling due to a combination of factors, such as an early big win, boredom susceptibility, a low tolerance for losses, impulsivity, the use of escape coping, and stress or depression. This combination can lead to a compulsion to gamble, where the person feels they need to continue gambling to try and ‘make up’ for past losses. It is also worth noting that we are more sensitive to losses than gains of the same value, and this can lead to a ‘negative reinforcement’ cycle.