Lottery is a form of gambling that offers prizes to players who match a set pattern of numbers. The casting of lots for determining fates or material goods has a long history (with several instances in the Bible), but public lotteries began in Europe in the 15th century. The first state-sponsored lotteries resembled traditional raffles in which the public bought tickets and then collected a prize based on the result of a drawing at some future date. These early lotteries often required considerable patience as the ticket prices and prize amounts grew slowly and often dipped before the drawing.
Since the mid-1970s, most state-sponsored lotteries have resembled commercial enterprises, with the government establishing an independent agency to run them; creating a series of games that are often offered at different price levels and offer varying odds of winning; and, as demand and revenues grow, continually expanding their number and variety of offerings. This strategy has come into conflict with concerns that the promotion of lottery gambling can have negative consequences for the poor and problem gamblers.
Many states have used a particular message to promote the lottery: It’s okay to play because you’re paying a tax for the benefit of the state. This reframes the regressivity of lottery revenues and allows people to buy into the idea that playing for jackpots is more like a civic duty than a costly habit. However, the fact remains that low-income individuals make up a disproportionately large share of lottery players and that their spending is often far more than they would otherwise spend on other items or services.