Gambling is the risking of something of value, such as money or personal belongings, on an uncertain event where the outcome depends primarily on chance or luck rather than skill. It includes a variety of activities, including casino games like blackjack, roulette and slot machines, sports betting and lotteries. The gambling industry has been growing rapidly and is now a multi-billion dollar business.
People may become addicted to gambling for a variety of reasons. Some gamble to relieve boredom, while others do it to escape unpleasant emotions like depression or anxiety. A few people become compulsive gamblers because of a genetic predisposition to impulsivity and reward-seeking behavior. Other people develop addictions to gambling because of social and environmental factors, such as poor work or family relationships, substance abuse or mental health conditions like bipolar disorder.
Studies have found that people with addictive gambling habits are often compelled to place bets that exceed their means in order to experience the euphoric rush of winning. These behaviors can have severe consequences for the gambler and their families, friends and workplaces. The good news is that treatment options are available for problem gamblers. The first step is to recognize that there is a problem, which can be hard to do because many individuals downplay or deny the seriousness of their gambling problems.
The most effective treatments for gambling addiction include cognitive-behavioral therapy, which teaches people to resist unwanted thoughts and behaviors. For example, a therapist can help a patient confront irrational beliefs such as the belief that a string of losses is a sign that an imminent win is nearby. Another effective therapy is group support, such as the 12-step program based on Alcoholics Anonymous. Studies show that such programs are more effective than individual or family therapy alone.
It’s also important to treat underlying mood disorders, such as depression or stress. These disorders can cause or make worse gambling problems and are a major reason why some people do not recover from compulsive gambling. The good news is that several medications are now available for a variety of mood disorders, including antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
Seek support from your family, friends or a professional counsellor if you’re concerned about your gambling. Find other ways to relieve unpleasant feelings or relax, such as exercise, spending time with non-gambling friends, taking up a new hobby or practicing relaxation techniques. If necessary, seek financial assistance from organisations that provide support, advice and counselling for people with harmful gambling habits. They can also help you set goals to change your gambling behaviours and reduce financial risks. It’s important to remember that it is the harm caused by gambling that counts, not how much you’ve won or lost.