Gambling involves betting on a game of chance with real money, usually for entertainment purposes. It has many impacts, both positive and negative, on the gambler and society as a whole. It is important to understand these impacts to develop appropriate policies that reduce costs and increase benefits. Different approaches to studying gambling impact have been developed. One is a cost-benefit analysis, which measures changes in well-being and assigns monetary values to intangible harms (e.g., the pain and suffering of problem gamblers). A second approach is to study gambling from a public health perspective, which integrates cost-benefit calculations into research designs.
Despite the fact that most people who gamble do not have any problems, a subset of them develops gambling disorder, a mental illness described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) as a recurrent pattern of uncontrollable gambling. This disorder affects men more than women and is more prevalent in the lower socioeconomic classes.
Those who seek help for gambling problems can find it in several ways, including psychodynamic therapy and group therapy, which provide support, encouragement, and moral strength. They can also learn to identify triggers and develop coping skills. It is recommended to find a support group like Gamblers Anonymous, a 12-step recovery program modeled after Alcoholics Anonymous. Another way to help someone with gambling disorders is to strengthen the person’s social network and activities. This can be done by making new friends and joining sports teams, book clubs, education classes, or volunteer work.