Gambling involves betting something of value on an event that relies on chance, such as the roll of a dice or the outcome of a game of cards. It can also refer to betting on the outcome of a horse race or lottery draw. People gamble for a variety of reasons, including the thrill of winning and the potential to become rich and famous. However, some people develop a gambling addiction that can lead to financial problems, family and relationship difficulties and even homelessness. Problem gambling can also have serious health effects.
There is no definitive answer as to why some people develop a gambling addiction. However, it is known that certain genetic or psychological predispositions can increase a person’s vulnerability to gambling addiction. In addition, gambling changes the way the brain sends chemical messages and can cause dramatic alterations in the reward system. People who work in casinos or betting shops are particularly vulnerable to developing gambling problems as are those with a history of depression or anxiety.
It is important to note that there are many healthy ways to relieve unpleasant feelings without gambling. For example, exercise, spending time with friends who don’t gamble and trying relaxation techniques are all healthy alternatives to gambling. People who gamble may also be attempting to self-soothe unpleasant emotions or find meaning in their life by placing significance on the outcome of a particular gamble. This is called ‘interpersonal reinforcement’ and is a common factor in addictive behaviours.
Those with a gambling problem often experience a series of wins and losses, which triggers the ‘feel good’ hormone dopamine in their brain. This can lead to a cycle of repeated gambling actions where they place high stakes and increase their bets in an attempt to ‘recoup’ their losses. This behaviour is known as ‘chasing losses’ and can be very difficult to break.
People with a gambling disorder can have difficulty making decisions, are impulsive and often lack the ability to consider the consequences of their choices. This can make it hard for them to stop gambling, especially when they are feeling down or stressed. They might also find it difficult to accept a loss and tend to hide their gambling activity from others.
Gambling can affect your physical and mental health, hurt your relationships and career, leave you with debt and possibly result in suicide. It is important to seek treatment if you recognise that you have a problem. Seek help and support from family, friends and Gamblers Anonymous. Alternatively, talk to your doctor about medication or therapy options. See the links below for further information.